Tag Archives: Farsi

Vocabulary: some fruits in Persian and Tajiki

Today’s blog post will take us to Central Asia, namely to Iran and Tajikistan. Both Persian (or Farsi) and Tajiki are closely related, and can be considered dialects of the same language. Persian is written with the Arabic script from right to left, while Tajiki uses the Cyrillic alphabet and is written from left to right.

Here is the vocabulary for some fruits in both Persian and Tajiki:

farsi fruits

 

Nowruz, the Persian New Year

White_house_haft_seen

Today’s blog post is about the Persian New Year’s festival, called نوروز Nowruz or Nooruz, which literally means “new day”. Nowruz is celebrated on the spring equinox, which usually falls on 21 March and marks the beginning of the Persian calendar. The time for the equinox is calculated exactly each year and has a different time in different locations. Nowruz has been celebrated for over 3,000 years and partly has its roots in Zoroastrianism. It is a public holiday in many countries of Central Asia, and it is an occasion for family and friends to gather and celebrate together.

A central feature of this celebration is the so-called Haft Seen table (هفت‌سین ) or the Seven S’s. These are 7 items that are placed on the table and which all start with the letter ‘S’:

  1. sabzeh ( سبزه‎)- wheat, barley, mung bean or lentil sprouts growing in a dish, often from seven different kinds of seeds – symbolizing rebirth
  2. samanu  (سمنو‎)- sweet pudding made from wheat germ – symbolizing affluence
  3. senjed  ( سنجد‎)- dried oleaster Wild Olive fruit – symbolizing love
  4. sir  (سیر‎)- garlic – symbolizing medicine
  5. sib  ( سیب‎)- apples – symbolizing beauty and health
  6. somaaq (سماق‎)- sumac fruit – symbolizing (the color of) sunrise
  7. serkeh  ( سرکه‎) – vinegar – symbolizing old age and patience

Other items on the table may include:

sekkeh (سکه) coins – symbolizing wealth

sonbol (سنبل) hyacinth – symbolizing fertility

– a mirror (ايبه) – symbolizing honesty and cleanness

– painted eggs – symbolizing fertility

– lit candles – symbolizing happiness and enlightenment

– a bowl of water with goldfish (ماهی قرمز )- “life within life”

– pomegranates (ابار)

– sprays of cypress or pine

– rosewater golab (گلاب ) – believed to have magical cleansing powers

– a holy book or a poetry book (very often the Divan of Hafiz or the Shahnameh)

aajeel ( اجیل)- dried nuts, berries, dates or raisins

– clay figurines of animals

800px-HaftSin-Iran
The Haft Seen were originally called ‘Haft Chin’, the  word Chin (چین) meaning “to place” and Haft (هفت) the number seven. In this context the Haft Seen were associated with Zoroastrians deities or divinities and the elements represented by them:
– the mirror symbolized the Sky
– the apple symbolized the Earth
– the candles symbolized Fire
– the rosewater (golab) symbolized Water
– the sabzeh sprouts symbolized Plants
– the goldfish symbolized Animals
– the painted eggs symbolized humans and fertility
Fire is the symbol of Nowruz and people usually build a fire around which they celebrate and dance, often jumping over the flames. Another custom associated with this festival is to clean one’s home thoroughly before the holiday and to buy new clothes to wear.